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1. Which one of the following is correct with respect to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?

A. Prognosis declines in parallel with heart rate over 70 beats per minute B. Left ventricular ejection fraction 50% C. Results from systolic dysfunction D. Associated with structural heart disease E. Unsure

2. Which one of the following is correct regarding ACC/AHA stage C heart failure?

A. There is a correlation with NYHA classes II, III, and IV B. Patients have structural heart disease but without evidence of symptoms C. Patients have a problem with myocardial contractility with symptoms evident only during vigorous exercise D. Treatment requires specialized interventions E. Unsure

3. Which one of the following is a finding from the CHAMP-HF registry involving patients with HFrEF?

A. Nearly half of eligible patients received an ACE inhibitor or ARB, plus beta-blocker plus MRA at recommended doses B. A quarter of patients did not have a contraindication to RAAS inhibitor therapy, yet did not receive an ACE inhibitor, ARB, or ARNI C. The majority of eligible patients were treated with an evidence-based beta-blocker D. The majority of eligible patients were treated with an MRA E. Unsure

4. According to the ACC treatment algorithm, initial pharmacotherapy for a patient with stage C HFrEF and evidence of fluid overload is:

A. ACE inhibitor or ARB B. ACE inhibitor or ARB, plus beta-blocker C. ACE inhibitor or ARB, plus beta-blocker plus diuretic for symptoms of fluid overload D. ARNI plus beta-blocker E. Unsure

5. A 66-year-old Caucasian woman with HFrEF is seen in clinic for a follow up visit. Her primary complaint is shortness of breath while performing routine household chores. Physical exam reveals a blood pressure of 122/74 mmHg, pulse 82 and regular; her lungs are clear. Current medications are: candesartan, carvedilol, furosemide, and spironolactone, all at guideline-recommended doses. What change would you make to her treatment plan?

A. Substitute metoprolol succinate for carvedilol B. Increase dose of furosemide C. Add isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine D. Add ivabradine E. Unsure

6. The SHIFT trial assessed the effect of heart rate reduction with ivabradine vs placebo on outcomes in adults with HFrEF and heart rate ≥70 beats per minute at baseline. Which one of the following was significantly reduced in patients who achieved heart rate <60 beats per minute at 28 days compared with patients whose heart rate remained ≥60 beats minute?

A. Heart failure hospitalization B. CV death C. All-cause death D. All of the above E. Unsure

7. The PARADIGM-HF trial examined whether the long-term effects of sacubitril/valsartan on morbidity and mortality were superior to those of ACE inhibition with enalapril in adults with stage C HFrEF. Which one of the following was significantly reduced in patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan vs placebo?

A. Heart failure hospitalization B. CV death C. All-cause death D. All of the above E. Unsure

8. Which one of the following should be ensured prior to starting sacubitril/valsartan?

A. Estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥45 mL/min/1.73 m2 B. No impairment of liver function C. 18-hour washout period if switching from an ACE inhibitor or ARB D. Discontinuation of aliskiren in patients with diabetes E. Unsure

9. Which one of the following is correct regarding hypertension in patients with HFrEF?

A. The CHAMP-HF registry showed that <35% of patients with HFrEF had a history of hypertension B. The blood pressure goal is <130/80 mmHg C. Calcium channel blockers are considered first-line therapy D. Dual therapy is recommended if the blood pressure is ≥130/80 mmHg E. Unsure

10. Which SGLT-2 inhibitor has demonstrated to reduce the risk of CV death and heart failure hospitalization in adults with NYHA class II, III, or IV HFrEF, irrespective of whether or not they have T2DM?

A. Canagliflozin B. Dapagliflozin C. Empagliflozin D. Ertugliflozin E. Unsure

Maintenance is scheduled for 8/7/2023 7:00 AM EST - 8:00 AM EST.

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1. Which one of the following is correct with respect to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?

2. Which one of the following is correct regarding ACC/AHA stage C heart failure?

3. Which one of the following is a finding from the CHAMP-HF registry involving patients with HFrEF?

4. According to the ACC treatment algorithm, initial pharmacotherapy for a patient with stage C HFrEF and evidence of fluid overload is:

8. Which one of the following should be ensured prior to starting sacubitril/valsartan?

9. Which one of the following is correct regarding hypertension in patients with HFrEF?

10. Which SGLT-2 inhibitor has demonstrated to reduce the risk of CV death and heart failure hospitalization in adults with NYHA class II, III, or IV HFrEF, irrespective of whether or not they have T2DM?

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Maintenance is scheduled for 8/7/2023 7:00 AM EST - 8:00 AM EST.

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1. Which one of the following is correct with respect to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?

2. Which one of the following is correct regarding ACC/AHA stage C heart failure?

3. Which one of the following is a finding from the CHAMP-HF registry involving patients with HFrEF?

4. According to the ACC treatment algorithm, initial pharmacotherapy for a patient with stage C HFrEF and evidence of fluid overload is:

8. Which one of the following should be ensured prior to starting sacubitril/valsartan?

9. Which one of the following is correct regarding hypertension in patients with HFrEF?

10. Which SGLT-2 inhibitor has demonstrated to reduce the risk of CV death and heart failure hospitalization in adults with NYHA class II, III, or IV HFrEF, irrespective of whether or not they have T2DM?

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