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1. Over-the-counter (OTC) headache medications

A. Do not cause hepatic or gastrointestinal adverse effects B. Are endorsed by evidence-based guidelines as first-line treatment for episodic tension-type headache (ETTH) and mild-to-moderate migraine C. Can be consumed 5 out of every 7 days by patients with ETTH or migraine without negative consequences D. Are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for oral, injectable, and intranasal administration

2. ETTH

A. Occurs 15 or more days per month B. By definition does not prohibit an individual from performing their normal daily activities C. Occurs primarily in the evening hours D. Always requires treatment with prescription medications

3. In terms of dietary changes, all ETTH and migraine patients should do which one of the following:

A. Limit chocolate intake to 2 ounces daily B. Drink a beverage with at least 200 mg of caffeine daily C. Reduce their protein intake (e.g., red meat) D. Utilize their diary to help identify specific food items that may be contributing to their headache

4. Which one of the following is a biological marker useful for migraine diagnosis and assessment:

A. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) B. Serum serotonin levels C. Currently no known biological marker exists for migraine D. Non-contrast CT scans

5. Regarding the International Headache Society's migraine criteria, which one of the following is correct:

A. Unilateral pain that is aggravated by routine activity, as well as photophobia B. Unilateral, claustrophobia, phonophobia, mild-to-severe pain C. Pulsating quality, duration less than 3 hours, nausea D. Unilateral, rhinorrhea, throbbing, aggravated with routine activity

6. When counseling migraineurs, pharmacists should encourage

A. Patients to avoid non-oral medications B. Every migraine patient to rest on a couch for a minimum of 4 hours during an attack and apply a cold compress to their forehead C. Patients to consistently maintain a headache diary, which can be a valuable source of patient-specific information D. Patients to ingest their OTC medications every day, regardless of whether they actually experience a migraine episode

7. The American Headache Society's Choosing Wisely campaign recommends limiting OTC medication use to ______?

A. Two days per week, one dose per day only B. Two days per week, although multiple doses are allowed on those days C. Two days per month D. Two attacks per week

8. Which one of the following statements is TRUE:

A. Robust pathological research demonstrates that migraine results from vasoconstriction-induced ischemia B. Migraine affects 3 times more men than women C. Migraine symptoms are universally identical and never vary from patient-to-patient or even from episode-to-episode within the same patient D. Migraine is a whole-brain neurological process manifesting in many symptoms, including head pain, intolerance of light and sounds, and a decreased ability to perform daily tasks

9. Women are approximately ______ times more likely to have migraine than men?

A. 2 B. 3 C. 5 D. 7

10. According to the World Health Organization, migraine is which one of the following:

A. One of the top-5 illnesses worldwide B. Caused by contaminated drinking water C. Never encountered in third-world countries D. Contagious among airline travelers